I'm not sure how else to name this entry, it's rather complicated. So what I was finally able to achieve is to pass a boost::bind to a boost::bind with placeholders, with templated callbacks. I'm not gonna lie, this took me awhile to figure out.
The rationale for all of this was that I had a parent class called group, and this group had the list of boost::asio::deadline_timer's and the boost::asio::io_service running in a thread. I wanted the ability for child objects to put work in that thread.